Abstract<br>Barks and fruit peels usually considered residues are not seriously applied for any specific purpose. To add value to such agricultural wastes by using them as alternative solid fuels for thermo-chemical process are of interest. This research work aims at preparing wastes by using them as alternative solid fuels for thermo-chemical process are of interest. This research work aims at preparing<br>biomass pellets from bark (eucalyptus), fruit shell (mangosteen) and fruit peel (papaya) using different binders (dammar, Persea District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the<br>biomass pellets from bark (eucalyptus), fruit shell (mangosteen) and fruit peel (papaya) using different binders (dammar, Persea<br>kurzii kosterm powder, and cashew nut shell liquid). Influences of mass mixing ratio of eucalyptus bark: mangosteen shell: papaya greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat<br>kurzii kosterm powder, and cashew nut shell liquid). Influences of mass mixing ratio of eucalyptus bark: mangosteen shell: papaya<br>peel (1:1:1, 2:1:1, 1:2:1, and 1:1:2) and binder on properties of the biomass pellets were investigated. The prepared pellets were<br>sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease,<br>peel (1:1:1, 2:1:1, 1:2:1, and 1:1:2) and binder on properties of the biomass pellets were investigated. The prepared pellets were<br>also used as a fuel for the combustion process. The study results indicated that using cashew nut shell liquid as a binder provided<br>prolonging the investment return period.<br>also used as a fuel for the combustion process. The study results indicated that using cashew nut shell liquid as a binder provided<br>the fuel pellets with rather short and non-uniform length while using dammar as a binder provided the pellets with fissures on the<br>The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand – outdoor temperature function for heat demand<br>the fuel pellets with rather short and non-uniform length while using dammar as a binder provided the pellets with fissures on the<br>surface. Using the binder of Persea kurzii kosterm powder gave the pellets with significantly more uniform size, smoother surface, forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665<br>surface. Using the binder of Persea kurzii kosterm powder gave the pellets with significantly more uniform size, smoother surface,<br>and higher density compared to using other binders) p
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