二、120型空气控制阀的作用原理 120型空气控制阀设有充气缓解、减速

二、120型空气控制阀的作用原理
120型空气控制阀设有充气缓解、减速充气缓解、常用制动、制动保压和紧急制动等五个作用位置。现将其各作用位的实现过程、气路以及主要性能叙述如下：
（一）充气缓解位
发生于列车管增压速度较慢的后部车辆。
列车管充气增压时，压力空气经中间体分两路，一路经滤尘器进入主阀；另一路经滤尘网进入紧急阀。
进入主阀的压力空气经主阀体内孔路分别充入主活塞上部室L9；二段阀弹簧室L10、加速缓解夹心阀外侧室L11以及（配套254mm制动缸经Ⅶ限制）滑阀座上的列车管充气用孔l1和列车管局减用孔l2。
主活塞上侧L9压力上升，当L9压力大于滑阀室F1压力，其压力差与主活塞组件自重能克服移动阻力时，推动主活塞带动滑阀、节制阀下移，由于后部车辆列车管增压速度较慢，主活塞两侧形成的压力差较慢，来不及形成更大的压力差时，主活塞杆尾部接触减速弹簧套，滑阀与滑阀座连通了列车管向副风缸充气的通路，使主活塞两侧不能形成更大的能压缩减速弹簧的压力差，主活塞即一直停留在该位置，即形成了作用部的充气缓解位。
充气缓解位作用通路如下（如图5-15所示）：
1.副风缸充气
制动管压缩空气→主阀→紧急二段阀上腔L10→L1→L4→f1→F1→副风缸
2.加速缓解风缸充气
滑阀室F1→f2→h1→h→中间体→加速缓解风缸充气
3.紧急室充气
制动管压缩空气→L′→L12→Ⅵ→J→j1→j′→紧急室
4.制动缸缓解
制动缸压缩空气→z→z6→Z6→Z5→z1→z2→z3→Z3→Ⅱ→d1→D1→大气
5.加速缓解作用
滑阀上的缓解联络槽z2同时对上了滑阀座上的制动缸孔z1和缓解孔z3，则制动缸的压力空气经滑阀与滑阀座的缓解气路进入加速活塞外腔Z3，然后经缩孔Ⅱ和主阀排气口D1排向大气。由于缩孔Ⅱ的限制，进入Z3的制动缸压力空气来不及排出，使Z3的压力上升，推动加速活塞向内移，顶杆推加速缓解夹心阀离开阀座，此时接近为定压的加速缓解风缸的压力空气顶开止回阀经开启的加速缓解夹心阀口进入夹心阀外腔L11充入列车管，形成了列车管局部增压，加快了列车管的增压速度，使后部车辆迅速实现充气缓解作用，提高缓解波速，缓和长大列车低速缓解时的纵向冲动。

結果 (英文) 1:

Second, the principle of type 120 air control valve Type 120 air control valve with inflatable inflatable of mitigation and deceleration ease, braking, brake and emergency brake the five locations. Now its implementation process, gas as well as performance as follows: (A) gas relief After the train pipe pressure of slower vehicles. When the train pipe gas booster, air pressure via intermediates in two road, all the way through the filter into the main valve other dust filter screen into the emergency valve all the way. Enter the main pressure valve air valve body filled Kong Lu respectively into the piston upper room L9; two-stage valve spring room L10, speed up sandwich valves side L11 (supporting 254mm brake cylinder VII limitations) inflatable sliding seat on the train pipe with L1 and L2 for reduction of the train authority.Main piston Shang side L9 pressure rose, dang L9 pressure is greater than sliding valve room F1 pressure, its pressure poor and main piston component weight can overcome mobile resistance Shi, promoted main piston led sliding valve, and control valve Xia moved, due to Hou Department vehicles train tube booster speed more slow, main piston sides formed of pressure poor more slow, too late formed more big of pressure poor Shi, main piston rod tail contact deceleration spring sets, sliding valve and sliding valve seat connected has train tube to Deputy wind cylinder inflatable of pathway, On both sides of the main piston compression reducer Springs cannot be greater pressure difference, main piston is stuck in this position, which formed a Ministry for the role of inflatable ease.Gas mitigation pathways are as follows (as shown in Figure 5-15): 1. the auxiliary reservoir air → Emergency → main valve for compressed air brake pipe on the second valve L10 F1 F1 → → → L1 L4 auxiliary reservoir 2. speed up inflatable air cylinder Slide-valve room F1 → h → → → F2 → H1 intermediate speed up inflatable air cylinder 3. the emergency room airCompressed air brake pipe L12 →Ⅵ→ ′ → l → j → j ' J1 → → emergency room4. the brake cylinders easeBrake cylinder of compressed air Z6 → Z5 Z6 → z → → → → Z1 Z2 Z3 → Z3 →Ⅱ→ D1 D1 → atmosphere5. speed up roleMitigation contact grooves on the slide valve on the Z2 while the sliding valve on the brake cylinder Z1 and mitigating the Z3, the pressure of the brake cylinder air slide valve relief road and slide the seat into the accelerating the piston Chamber Z3, and shrinkage and main valve exhaust port ⅱ D1 release into the atmosphere. Due to shrinkage II of limit, into Z3 of brake cylinder pressure air too late discharge, makes Z3 of pressure rose, promoted accelerated piston to within moved, top Rod push accelerated ease sandwich valve left valve seat, at close for set pressure of accelerated ease wind cylinder of pressure air top open check back valve by opened of accelerated ease sandwich valve mouth into sandwich valve outside cavity L11 filling into train tube, formed has train tube local booster, speed up has train tube of booster speed, makes Hou Department vehicles quickly achieved inflatable ease role, improve ease velocity, Ease the long train longitudinal impact mitigation in low speed.

結果 (英文) 3:

Two, type 120 air control valve principle of action120 air control valve with inflatable mitigation, deceleration inflatable ease, commonly used brake, brake pressure and emergency braking and other five position. The realization process, gas path and main performance of each function are described as follows:(a) inflatable reliefRear vehicle with slower speed of train tube.Train pipe pressure air plenum, via the intermediate split, the main valve enters through a filter; the other path through a filter into the emergency valve.The air pressure into the main valve to the main valve body are respectively filled in the upper part of the piston hole road L9 room; two section of the valve spring chamber L10, accelerate the improvement of Sandwich Valve L11 and lateral compartment (254MM brake cylinder by limiting slide valve seat on the seventh) train line charging hole L1 and hole L2 reduction of train pipe bureau.The main piston side pressure of L9 increased when L9 F1 pressure is greater than the pressure spool chamber, can overcome the resistance of the mobile pressure and the main piston assembly weight, push the main driven piston slide valve, control valve down, because the rear train pipe pressure is slow, the formation of pressure difference on both sides of the main piston is slow, too late to form a larger the pressure difference, the main contact spring tail piston rod reducer, valve and slide valve seat connected to the train line charging the secondary air cylinder pathway, the main piston on both sides cannot form a greater compression spring deceleration pressure difference, the main piston is stuck in the position, which is the charging Department of ease a.The pneumatic relief action path is as follows (as shown in Figure 5-15):1 auxiliary air cylinder inflationBrake tube compressed air main valve emergency two section valve upper cavity L10 ~ L1 ~ L4 ~ F1 ~ F1 auxiliary air cylinder2 accelerate mitigation of air cylinder inflationF1 - F2 - H1 valve chamber - H - to accelerate the improvement of inflatable air cylinder intermediate3 emergency room inflationCompressed air brake pipe, L '- L12 - VI - J - J1 - J' to the emergency room4 brake cylinder reliefBrake cylinder compressed air from Z ~ Z6 ~ Z5 ~ Z1 ~ Z2 ~ Z3 ~ Z6 ~ Z3 ~ D1 ~ D1 ~ atmosphere5 acceleration mitigationThe spool relief groove contact Z2 at the same time on the brake cylinder hole Z1 slide valve seat and the pressure relief hole Z3, air brake cylinder through the slide valve and slide valve seat relief gas path into the accelerated piston cavity Z3, and then the shrinkage II and main valve exhaust D1 emission to the atmosphere. Due to shrinkage of limit, brake cylinder pressure air into the Z3 to make the Z3 discharge, pressure rise, accelerate the piston is moved inwards, the push rod pushes and accelerate the improvement of sandwich valve away from the seat close to the air pressure acceleration, constant pressure accelerated release air cylinder top opening non-return valve is opened to ease sandwich sandwich valve valve port into the external cavity L11 is filled into the train pipe, forming a partial pressure of train pipe, to speed up the train pipe pressure speed, the rear vehicle quickly realize charging relief, improve the response speed, ease up speed when the longitudinal impulse response.