Aristotle and the Development of Science in Ancient Greece <br>Western science comes from ancient Greece. Aristotle was a great thinker of this era. Although he was not the first scientist or philosopher, he was the most influential. He was a student of Plato and the teacher of Alexander the Great. <br>From the ages of 18 to 37, Aristotle was a student. He attended Plato's school, called the Academy. Then he traveled for a few years. He studied biology on various islands. Then King Philip of Macedon called for Aristotle. He wanted him to teach his son Alexander. The boy was then 13. Years later, Alexander left Aristotle and went on to conquer Asia. Aristotle returned to Athens. He opened an academy called the Lyceum, where he trained scientists. <br>Aristotle wrote books on many subjects. His works covered every topic. He was aware of everything from science to art. None of his books have survived in their entirety. However, Aristotle's studies became the foundation of western philosophy and science. <br>Aristotle valued knowledge gained from the five senses. He used his senses and the dialectic to seek truth. This dialectic originated with Plato, but Aristotle refined it. Aristotle's dialectic relied on logic. It was a way of answering a question with another question. The answers could be used to find truth. These methods are called inductive and deductive <br>logic. Based on Aristotle's logic, the scientific method was formed. The scientific method is a process used by scientists. First, they make a hypothesis. Then they test it with an experiment. The scientific method is the most important method in modern western science. Aristotle did not do many experiments himself. But his system of logic led others to discover many things. Sir Isaac Newton and Galileo used the scientific method. Their discoveries are an example of Aristotle's influence. <br>Aristotle also created the idea of categories. He studied every branch of science possible. Then he separated them into different groups. He was familiar with every subject from zoology to geology. His written works make up a huge body of Greek knowledge. <br>Aristotle has many critics as well. Some scholars think he did not have respect for women. Some think his work is too confusing. He often seems not to obey his own logical rules. And in the Middle Ages, his work, which was treated as infallible, was used to oppress people. But Aristotle's work has been referenced for thousands of years. His studies are a pillar that holds up our modern society.
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