滞绿突变最主要的表型性状是叶片衰老延迟以及叶绿素不降解或者降解缓慢。下

滞绿突变最主要的表型性状是叶片衰老延迟以及叶绿素不降解或者降解缓慢。下面分别从内因和外因来分析滞绿突变的原因。内因是叶绿体代谢途径中相关酶活性减弱引起滞绿。Ayumi Tanaka在总结叶绿素代谢途径时认为叶绿素b 还原酶，羟甲基叶绿素a 还原酶以及开卟啉环的PAO 酶这3 个酶的活性的降低或者缺失都有可能使叶绿素的降解被阻断，导致植物出现滞绿[3]。外因是基因突变引起滞绿。上世纪50 年代Kerr 就研究了番茄滞绿突变体 gf (green flesh)及其遗传连锁关系，发现 gf 的滞绿是由单一核基因隐性遗传突变引起的，并将突变基因定位在番茄第 8 号染色体上[3,27]。Efrati 对辣椒的突变体cl 进行了遗传定位和分子作图的研究[28]，通过辣椒的CL 和番茄的gf 在对应染色体上的分子定位图谱，得出cl 和gf 的滞绿是由同源基因突变造成。

結果 (英文) 1:

-Green mutant phenotype of the main character in leaf senescence delayed or slow degradation of chlorophyll degradation. Following from the internal and external causes of mutation analysis-green. Internal factors are chloroplast-green caused by weakened activity of related enzymes in metabolic pathways. Ayumi Tanaka, in concluding the metabolic pathway of chlorophyll, chlorophyll b think reductase, hydroxy chlorophyll a of methyl reductase and PAO enzymes of the Porphyrin ring this activity of 3 reduced or missing are likely to make chlorophyll degradation was blocked, cause-green plants [3]. External causes are genetic mutations cause-green. 50 Kerr studied last century tomato-green mutant GF (green flesh) and their genetic relationship, find GF-Green is caused by a single recessive nuclear gene mutation and mutation on chromosome genes in tomato 8th [3,27]. Efrati Pepper's mutant CL was genetic mapping and molecular mapping of research [28], by pepper CL GF in the corresponding chromosomes of tomato and molecular orientation maps, draw CL and GF-Green is caused by a gene mutation.

結果 (英文) 2:

Stay-green mutant phenotypic trait is the most important delay leaf senescence and chlorophyll does not degrade or degrade slowly. The following are from internal and external stay-green mutant to analyze the reasons. Internal chloroplast metabolic pathway related activity weakened cause stagnation green. Ayumi Tanaka In conclusion chlorophyll metabolic pathway believed to reduce the activity of chlorophyll b reductase, hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase and open porphyrin ring PAO these three enzymes or enzyme missing are likely to make chlorophyll degradation is blocked, plants appear green cause stagnation [3]. Exogenous gene mutations cause stagnation green. 1950 Kerr on the study of the stay-green mutant tomato gf (green flesh) and Genetic linkage was found gf stagnant green by a single nuclear recessive gene mutations caused by mutations in gene mapping and in the eighth tomato chromosome [3,27]. Efrati mutant cl pepper were studied genetic mapping and molecular mapping [28], through CL pepper and tomato gf molecular atlas on the corresponding chromosome, obtained cl and gf hysteresis green by homologous gene mutations.

結果 (英文) 3:

The main phenotypic characters of the green mutant were the delay of leaf senescence, the slow degradation of chlorophyll and the slow degradation of chlorophyll. The reasons for the lag of the green mutation are analyzed from the internal and external causes. Endogenous is related to the activity of enzymes in the chloroplast metabolic pathway, which is associated with the weakening of the activity of the enzyme. Ayumi Tanaka in the summary of chlorophyll metabolic pathways that chlorophyll b reductase, chlorophyll a reductase and hydroxymethyl porphyrin PAO enzyme of the 3 enzyme activity decreased and loss are likely to make the degradation of chlorophyll was blocked, resulting in plants stay green [3]. External cause is the genetic mutation caused by stagnation of green. In 50s Kerr of tomato (green flesh GF stay green mutants) and its genetic linkage, found that GF stay green is caused by genetic single nuclear recessive mutations, and the mutant gene is located on chromosome eighth of tomato [3,27]. Efrati of pepper mutant CL was studied [28] genetic and molecular mapping of pepper and tomato by CL GF in the corresponding molecular location on chromosome map, that Cl and GF stay green is caused by homologous gene mutation.